Wilson's 14 Points

In this cartoon, we see Uncle Sam representing the U.S. with his hands tied behind his back and the ropes being pulled on by different countries. the ropes are labeled the League of Nations because it was Wilson's idea and this is trying to show how all the pressure and stress was on the U.S., and, because of this, they never actually joined it.

1. This point was made to insure that no countries had secret alliances and so it would ensure that peace was made public for everyone's benefit

2. This point prevented unwarranted blockades and therefore kept peace on the high seas.

3. This point provided free trade for every country that agreed to peace and so no country could place trade embargoes for no reason.

4. Now this point tried to help peace by ensuring that no country raised a massive army that they could use against anyone else. This obviously didn't work (Germany)

5. This gave colonies a portion of the money that the ruling government made, as well as a say in the government to ensure that no revolts broke out.

6. Wilson was just being nice on this one and wanted to make Russia feel accepted and welcomed into the league. He also wanted to make sure they didnt attack anyone by offering assistance. 

7. This point was the ensure that there wasnt a mad rush to occupy Belgium and make sure its population got their country back to the way it was.

8. Wilson wanted to make France happy by giving them all their lost land back and the invaded troops kicked out. Keep the Peace!!!

9. He tried to keep Italy from invading anyone to gain land so he said they should get ethnic lands they deserve.  

10. This point left Austria-Hungary off limits to would-be attacks from countries seeking revenge thus making it peaceful.

11. This made all military forces to evacuate occupied countries to ensure that they didnt revolt against the troops and cause a conflict. Kind of a preemptive point.

12. This made sure that no ethnic uprisings would cause a conflict in the Ottoman Empire and that they would be disputes over free passage in the Mediterranean.

13. This point made the Polish people free from persecution finally and gave them a chance to build their own nation.

14. This point gave countries a place to argue their discrepancies with one another and thereby removing wars from the equation  hopefully

Assassination oF Archduke Ferdinand

In this photo, we see Princip being arrested right after shooting Ferdinand

1. First, in the document, the students are planning to kill just any Austrian, but then they decide to change their target to a more important, visiting, person. In the movie, the students are planning to kill Ferdinand from the beginning.

2. Next, as stated by the document, all of the conspirators are given a pistol and a grenade, whereas, in the movie, only the most skilled are given the guns while the rest are given the bombs.

3. In the document, it is stated that the Archduke is staying in small village outside of Sarajevo and has to take a train into the city on that faithful day. In the movie, Ferdinand is staying in the towns hotel within the city limits and merely gets in a car to start his tour.

4. Also in the document, it is stated that one of the conspirators takes pity on Sophie, but, in the movie, this is never shown and Sophie is only a minor character.

5. In the document, Princip gets a cup of coffee to celebrate the false assassination instead of the sandwich he gets in the movie.

WW1 Terms

Songs

"Over there"

"Goodbye Broadway"

"Hello France"

"Oui, Oui, Marie"

"I didn't raise my boy to be a soldier"

Military Terms

C.O.                        Submarine

invasion                Powder Keg

M.P.                       Barbed Wire

Artillery                Gen. Blackjack Pershing    

U-boats                 Enemy

Mustard gas         Unrestricted submarine warfare

AEF                        Trench warfare

Bunker                   Battle

Bomb                     Blimp

Machine Gun        Blockade

Tank                       Infantry

Stalemate              Cavalry

Airplane                Torpedo

K.P.                        Draftee

Slang and Derogatory Terms

French Postcards        Huns

Dog Tag                        Red Baron 

Dud                               Krauts

Lousy                            Basket Case  

Dog Fight                     Shellshock

Limies                           Homefront

Cabbage                        Swabby

Doughboys                  Liberty Steaks

Air Ace                         Furlough

Goldbrick                    Slacker

Liberty Bonds

Diseases and Their Outcomes

Syphilis

Cooties

Trench Mouth

Amputee

Corpse

Governmental Ideas and Terms

War Industry Board           Liberty

Totalitarian                         Self-determination

Sacrifice                               Pacifists

Red Tape                              Espionage& Sedition Acts

Propaganda                         War Revenue Act

Assassination                      Patriotism

Territorial Integrity          Kaiser

Nationalism                        Preparedness

Balance of Power               Alliances

Mobilization                       Czar

Militarism                          Neutrality

Democracy                         Armistice

Wilson

Other :)

Porkless Saturdays

War bread

Peace

Bravery

Over the top

Lusitania

No man's land

War Bonds

French kiss

Rape of Belgium

Meatless Tuesdays

Khaki

Wheatless Mondays 

British Imperialism

1. According to Halstead, slavery was on decline after the end of mercantilism and the start of free market capitalism. this made slavery too expensive and non profitable. This lead the British to abolish slavery

2. Halstead explains that profit was not a motive for the British because they didn't "need" imperialism to become a world power. they already dominated world trade with their unstoppable navy and were wealthy. I agree with this because Britain didn't rape and pillage the countries it went into, but rather tried to set up local governments instead.

3. Halstead argued that British Imperialism was merely an extension of their foreign policy and not of major importance while others argued that it was Britain's destiny to expand and takeover, among other things.

4. "National security, protecting free trade, protecting commercial routes, competition for markets and spheres of influence, settlement, colonization, diplomacy, and ideology"

  

White Man's Burden

1. Kipling uses the phrase "White Man's Burden" to describe how it is the white man's job to colonize Africa and civilize the native people in order to help them survive. Kipling says this as a way to make it seem that the white man is obligated to do so and can't back down.

2. Kipling justifies imperialism by stating that they must perceiver through the toughest hardships and finish their "savage wars of peace" 

3. The government officials were searching for an answer to give critics of imperialism and used the justification found in this poem as their excuse. Which, in turn, helped imperialism continue at full speed.

4. Religion was a common virtue in all of the societies entering Africa so the governments and their people agreed upon giving the natives of Africa a proper education in Christianity. Also, these countries used the lack of religion as a common enemy that helped propagate the need for further colonization.

Declaration of the Rights of Man

Interpretations 

1.  All men are equal and classes may set up for the common good.

2. The goal of politics are to preserve the rights of liberty, property, security, and resistance to abuse.

3. Power can only come from the nation as a whole.

4. Liberty is the freedom to do whatever as long as it doesn't violate another's same rights. these limits are determined by the government.

5. Law can only stop things that hurt society and no one can be forced to do anything not in the laws.

6. Every citizen has a right to participate in law making and those rights are to be equal no matter what. Also, any man can earn any position based upon his abilities and not distinction. 

7. No person shall be punished for anything except what is law. Also, any person who breaks a law will be prosecuted swiftly.

8. The law will provide for punishments as necessary and no one will be punished by any means not set up by law.

9. All men are innocent until proven guilty so any abuse not essential to their arrest will not be accepted by law.

10. All men are allowed religious freedom as long as it doesn't disturb the safety of the public

11. All men have the right to freedom of expression, but shall be held responsible if they abuse that power.

12. Military forces are required to ensure the safety of the people and are not to be used for personal gain by its leaders.

13. Taxes are essential to ensure that the government runs smoothly and will be assessed equally based upon the means of the payers.

14. Citizens are allowed the right to represent their desire for proper taxation.

15. People have the right ask for an account of a public agent's administration.

16. A society where laws are not enforced or powers are not separated has no constitution at all

17. No man shall be deprived of his property except for public safety or if the law says so and only if the owner has been notified ahead of time.

In the picture above, the artist is depicting the document as a supreme declaration by painting the doctrine as if it is descending from heaven. To further help this idea, the artist has painted an angel in the upper right to represent the document's divinity and push the idea that god wanted this to be so. The artist has also added a person holding what appears to be a chain to represent reason and to go along with the enlightenment ideals that are taking hold at this time.

"Common Sense"

1. "In order to gain a clear and just idea of the design and end of government, let us suppose a small number of persons settled in some sequestered part of the earth, unconnected with the rest; they will then represent the first peopling of any country, or of the world. In this state of natural liberty, society will be their first thought. A thousand motives will excite them thereto; the strength of one man is so unequal to his wants, and his mind so unfitted for perpetual solitude, that he is soon obliged to seek assistance and relief of another, who in his turn requires the same."
In this section, Paine is actually describing a scenario much like that of the American Colonists. He states that if people settle in far off regions of the earth, they represent a new country. He also states that these people will be free and will first set up a society. This description enlightened the American people because they saw in as an allusion to themselves. When they saw their situation from an outside point-of-view they realized that they should not have to to follow British rule since they were so far away.


2. "Here then is the origin and rise of government; namely, a mode rendered necessary by the inability of moral virtue to govern the world; here too is the design and end of government, viz. Freedom and security. And however our eyes may be dazzled with show, or our ears deceived by sound; however prejudice may warp our wills, or interest darken our understanding, the simple voice of nature and reason will say, 'tis right"
In this section, Paine is talking about the origin of government. He states that government arises when the sense of right and wrong are no longer powerful enough to keep a country in check. He describes the design of government as freedom and security and states that this will be right no matter what "show" is put on by its critics. This rallied the American people because they saw the moral virtues in the colonies disappear as a result of British rule. As soon as revolutionaries began boycotting and starting riots, the Americans were in need of a new form of government.


3. "The Sun never shined on a cause of greater worth. 'Tis not the affair of a City, a County, a Province, or a Kingdom; but of a Continent — of at least one-eighth part of the habitable Globe. 'Tis not the concern of a day, a year, or an age; posterity are virtually involved in the contest, and will be more or less affected even to the end of time, by the proceedings now. Now is the seed-time of Continental union, faith and honour."
In this section, Paine goes on to describe how important this revolution is. He sates that this is the most important cause the world has ever seen and describes the magnitude of the cause as not that of a city or province, but of an entire continent. He also states how the effects of this revolution will not last a day or year, but will go on until the end of time. This was big news to the Americans' because it made them realize the grand scale of what was going on. They were fighting for a continent many times larger than the island that was controlling them. They also rallied at the fact that this cause would be long lasting and ultimately meaningful for eons to come.

Resource: http://www.ushistory.org/paine/commonsense/singlehtml.htm